Battery has reliable power supply voltage stability, convenient to move, etc, it is widely used in power plant, substation and communication system, electric car, aerospace and other departments. Batteries are mainly ordinary alkaline battery, nickel cadmium battery and valve vrla battery. Common battery due to use short life, the efficiency is low, the maintenance, environmental pollution problems, such as acid mist its usage scope is limited, currently has gradually be valve vrla battery. Valve vrla battery using seal structure, not the whole existence of ordinary lead-acid battery electrolyte leakage air, such phenomena, the use of safe and reliable, long life, during normal operation of electrolyte, testing and tuning acid water, also called battery. It has been widely applied to the post and telecommunications, shipping transportation, emergency lighting and many other fields. Alkaline battery is nickel cadmium characteristics of small size, high magnification discharge operation simple maintenance and long service life, but because it is low and leakage monomer, cost is high and easy to environmental pollution, thus its limited use, mainly used in electric tools and various portable electronic devices.
Common battery consists mainly of plate, electrolyte and battery tank components. Positive and negative plate are made by board and active substances, including one on the plate is active substance is brown PbO2 (PbO2), negative plate on the active substances for dark grey sponge pure lead (Pb). Electrolyte is with distilled water (H2O) and pure acid (H2SO4) according to certain proportion. In the process of charging, electrolyte and positive and negative plate on the active material produces chemical reaction, thus become the power stored energy, In the process of discharging, electrolyte and positive and negative plate on the active material produces chemical reaction, the storage battery energy conversion in inside into electricity supply load. In order to make the chemical reactions can be carried out as normal and electrolyte must have certain concentration. Battery tank is plate and electrolyte containers, it must have good acidproof performance, insulating performance and high mechanical strength.
In the batteries positive and negative plate load between access, began the process of discharge battery. At this time, are plate, plate potential negative potential, minus the active substances (on the plate PbO2 and Pb) are constantly to lead sulfate PbSO4 (sulfuric acid), electrolyte gradually into water, electrolyte proportion, thereby decreased gradually reduce battery resistance increases, the electromotive force. If the battery of positive and negative plate between output voltage battery voltage access than high dc power, storage battery charging process began. This is a potential for plate, plate and rising, negative potential for negative and positive gathered on the plate PbSO4 gradually become PbO2 PbSO4 on the plate, gradually becoming spongy Pb. At the same time, electrolyte H2SO4 synthesis of increase gradually, gradually reduce water molecules, and gradually increase the proportion of electrolyte, battery voltage and continuous improvement.
2 fast charging battery technology
The method using the conventional battery charging ways, small current slow to a new battery charging 70h need more early, should also 10h above average charge. Charging for too long a time, not only can spin charging monitoring time, causing the waste energy, also limit the battery recycling, and increase the number of maintenance. In addition, for such as electric car battery power requirements for the occasion, use rise very convenient. With rapid charging method, can shorten the time and improve the rechargeable battery charging efficiency, energy saving, and better meet the needs of industrial application, has the significant practical significance.